Introduction to Political Science serves as a foundational course exploring political science both as a scientific discipline and an educational field. The course introduces key methodological approaches used to analyze political phenomena, emphasizing rigorous inquiry into political systems, power structures, and ideological foundations. Students study the ideological sources shaping political thought, including an in-depth examination of pre-Islamic and medieval Persian-Tajik political philosophies, alongside modern political schools and emerging trends. Central topics include the nature of political power, political ideologies, and the concept of political independence as expressed through symbols and national identity. The course investigates the state as the primary political institution, political parties, mass movements, regimes, and processes governing political life. It further analyzes the roles of political leaders, elites, political culture, and consciousness in shaping governance. Students engage with contemporary issues such as political technology, conflict resolution, the intersection of politics and religion, and international relations. Through this comprehensive study, students develop critical analytical skills and a deep understanding of both historical and contemporary political dynamics.